تحليلات المنتج الاختيارية
بإذنك، نستخدم تحليلات محدودة تراعي الخصوصية لفهم مسارات البحث الفعالة. لا نستخدم أدوات تتبع إعلانية أو تسجيل الجلسات. يمكنك تغيير هذا الخيار في التفضيلات. اقرأ سياسة الخصوصية.
The upside case requires Americas and APAC growth to exceed the group path, more cash to remain after investment, and fewer shares to divide earnings.
The risk is triggered if full-year free cash flow falls below $4.0 billion.
Sell. The report was prepared at $468.38 on September 8, 2026, above Fair value of $266.68 and Potential value of $335.79.3
Capital spending is the key risk because it can leave too little cash for owners. The warning sign is annual free cash flow below $4.0 billion.4
The case can improve if Americas and APAC growth exceeds the group path, more cash remains after investment, and fewer shares divide earnings. These are required conditions, not established trends.
A favorable demand cycle would support regional volumes and utilization. Linde benefits most if Americas and APAC grow faster than the group while margins remain near FY2025 levels.5
Sell because the report-date price stands well above the accepted Fair value and Potential value.3
A favorable demand cycle could lift regional volumes and plant use. The benefit would be stronger if growth improves across Americas and APAC while operating profit remains resilient.5
Sell because the report-date price stands well above the accepted Fair value and Potential value.3
Linde provides health care and life insurance benefits to certain eligible retired employees. These benefits are provided through various insurance companies and healthcare providers. The company does not currently fund its postretirement benefits obligations.
Linde’s operations consist of two major product lines: industrial gases and engineering. Other consists of corporate costs and a few smaller businesses which individually do not meet the quantitative thresholds for separate presentation.
The most damaging combination is slower regional demand, weaker margins, and recurring investment that leaves less cash for owners. That path can weaken earnings and value even when reported profit remains sound.
This path is confirmed if the FY2027 growth floor fails, margins remain below their two-year boundary, or annual free cash flow breaches its stated floor.
If FY2027 consolidated revenue growth falls below 3%, the dated demand anchor fails and the later growth fade begins early.1
التطورات الخمسة التي قد تضعف أطروحتنا الاستثمارية.
A breach would weaken the dated demand anchor, reduce sales growth, and materially lower earnings and cash-flow expectations after FY2027.
الحالي:FY2027 analyst revenue mean: $38.05 billion, dated and retrieved September 9, 2026.
تنبيه إذاBelow 3% year over year in FY2027.
Linde’s reported profitability and strong conversion of profit into operating cash are business outcomes. They do not establish switching costs, installed-base lock-in, software integration, network effects, or a proven scale advantage.
FY2025 operating income was $8.92 billion, but profitability alone does not identify the structural cause needed to call the advantage durable.4
Each lens answers a different valuation question. Only included lenses set Fair value; floors and diagnostics provide context.
Apply a terminal P/E to the dated forward path, then discount that future share value back to the analysis date.
None of the valuation methods used to calculate Fair value relies on a separate assumption about how long the competitive advantage lasts.
The highlighted cell is Fair value when every assumption sits at its base level ($266.68). Each row and column shows what Fair value becomes when one assumption moves.
Free cash flow to the firm stays positive in the first projected year at $5.4B after modeled capex of $5.3B, with terminal value at 58.8% of enterprise value. A sudden drop in free cash flow is not projected unless capital spending relative to revenue, reinvestment, or gross margin resets materially.
The base path supports $266.68, but the shares remain rated Sell because the earnings path does not close the gap to $468.38 (as of 2026-09-08).
A revenue and earnings beat would strengthen the near-term path, but it would not alone prove that long-run margins or share reductions can persist.
Meeting the FY2027 revenue and diluted-earnings estimates would support the earnings path, but would not validate the years beyond FY2027.
A miss would weaken both the near-term earnings anchor and the cash available to owners, reinforcing the Sell conclusion.
FY2025 reported profit was $6.90 billion and capital spending was $5.26 billion. Capital spending is a direct claim on cash, so it limits the amount left for owners.4
This tests whether dated demand visibility can support sales and earnings beyond the next reporting period.1
Reported profit produced strong operating cash, yet FY2025 capital spending reached $5.26 billion. Heavy recurring investment can therefore reduce owner cash even when reported earnings remain sound.4
Share reduction supports per-share results, but the funding burden matters. FY2025 capital spending and the lower share count must be judged together rather than treating buybacks as costless growth.
No multi-period, same-basis return-on-invested-capital series is used to infer a trajectory.
No comparison is stated because the supplied return measure and the 7.6673% WACC do not have a verified common basis.
Operating income was $8.92 billion on $33.99 billion of FY2025 revenue.
The earnings case depends on preserving most of that profitability as revenue growth slows.
Diluted average shares fell from 492.290 million in FY2023 to 472.195 million in FY2025; outstanding shares were 460.980 million on September 9, 2026.
Fewer shares can lift earnings per share, but continued reductions require enough cash after capital spending.
| الإيرادات | 33,986,000,000 US$ |
|---|---|
| تكلفة الإيرادات | 19,260,000,000 US$ |
| إجمالي الربح | 14,726,000,000 US$ |
| المصروفات التشغيلية | 5,803,000,000 US$ |
| الدخل التشغيلي | 8,923,000,000 US$ |
| البنود غير التشغيلية والضرائب | -2,025,000,000 US$ |
| صافي الدخل | 6,898,000,000 US$ |
| إجمالي الأصول | 86,817,000,000 US$ |
|---|---|
| النقد | 5,056,000,000 US$ |
| الأصول المتداولة | 13,325,000,000 US$ |
| إجمالي الالتزامات | 47,076,000,000 US$ |
| الالتزامات المتداولة | 15,198,000,000 US$ |
| حقوق المساهمين | 39,728,000,000 US$ |
| صافي الدخل | 6,898,000,000 US$ |
|---|---|
| التدفق النقدي التشغيلي الداخل | 10,794,000,000 US$ |
| الإهلاك والإطفاء | 3,763,000,000 US$ |
| التعويض القائم على الأسهم | 133,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق النقدي التشغيلي | 10,350,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق النقدي التشغيلي الخارج | 444,000,000 US$ |
| النقد المتاح | 15,331,000,000 US$ |
| النقد في بداية الفترة | 4,850,000,000 US$ |
| تأثير سعر الصرف | 131,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق الاستثماري الخارج | 5,721,000,000 US$ |
| النفقات الرأسمالية | 5,261,000,000 US$ |
| أنشطة استثمارية أخرى | 460,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق التمويلي الخارج | 4,554,000,000 US$ |
| صافي إصدار الدين | 2,911,000,000 US$ |
| إعادة شراء الأسهم | 4,601,000,000 US$ |
| أرباح الأسهم المدفوعة | 2,811,000,000 US$ |
| أنشطة تمويلية أخرى | 53,000,000 US$ |
| النقد في نهاية الفترة | 5,056,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق النقدي الاستثماري | -5,721,000,000 US$ |
| التدفق النقدي التمويلي | -4,554,000,000 US$ |
المصدر: SEC EDGAR · تاريخ الإيداع 2026-02-25 · SEC EDGAR
| الإيرادات حسب القطاع التشغيلي | الإيرادات | الحصة | على أساس سنوي |
|---|---|---|---|
| Americas | 15.2 مليار US$ | 44.7% | 5.3% |
| EMEA | 8.5 مليار US$ | 25.2% | 2.4% |
| APAC | 6.7 مليار US$ | 19.6% | 0.4% |
| Engineering | 2.3 مليار US$ | 6.6% | -3.1% |
| Corporate And Other | 1.3 مليار US$ | 3.9% | 4.9% |
المصدر: SEC EDGAR · تاريخ الإيداع 2026-02-25 · SEC EDGAR
| الإيرادات حسب المنطقة | الإيرادات | الحصة | على أساس سنوي |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 12.2 مليار US$ | 35.8% | 6% |
| Other International | 11.3 مليار US$ | 33.1% | 3.8% |
| China | 2.6 مليار US$ | 7.7% | -1.8% |
| Germany | 2.4 مليار US$ | 7.2% | -3.1% |
| United Kingdom | 1.5 مليار US$ | 4.4% | -1.9% |
| Mexico | 1.4 مليار US$ | 4.1% | 3.3% |
| Brazil | 1.3 مليار US$ | 3.9% | 4.9% |
| Australia | 1.3 مليار US$ | 3.8% | -4.9% |
البيانات المالية في نقطة زمنية المستخدمة في تحليل 2026-09-09.
| الفترة | الإيرادات | EBITDA | صافي الدخل | التدفق النقدي التشغيلي | التدفق النقدي الحر | النفقات الرأسمالية | الإهلاك والإطفاء | التعويض القائم على الأسهم | إعادة شراء الأسهم | أرباح الأسهم المدفوعة | صافي إصدار الدين | التدفق النقدي الاستثماري | التدفق النقدي التمويلي | النقد في بداية الفترة | النقد في نهاية الفترة | النقد والاستثمارات | إجمالي الديون | الهامش التشغيلي | ROIC | WACC | فارق ROIC−WACC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-12-31 | 10.5 مليار US$ | 3.4 مليار US$ | 1.5 مليار US$ | 2.8 مليار US$ | 1.3 مليار US$ | 1.5 مليار US$ | 1.1 مليار US$ | 39 مليون US$ | 228 مليون US$ | 856 مليون US$ | — | -1.8 مليار US$ | -659 مليون US$ | — | 524 مليون US$ | 528 مليون US$ | 9.5 مليار US$ | 21.3% | — | — | — |
| 2017-12-31 | 11.4 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 1.2 مليار US$ | 3 مليار US$ | 1.7 مليار US$ | 1.3 مليار US$ | 1.2 مليار US$ | 59 مليون US$ | 12 مليون US$ | 901 مليون US$ | — | -1.3 مليار US$ | -1.7 مليار US$ | 524 مليون US$ | 617 مليون US$ | 617 مليون US$ | 8.8 مليار US$ | 21.5% | — | — | — |
| 2018-12-31 | 14.8 مليار US$ | 7.1 مليار US$ | 4.4 مليار US$ | 3.7 مليار US$ | 1.8 مليار US$ | 1.9 مليار US$ | 1.8 مليار US$ | 62 مليون US$ | 599 مليون US$ | 1.2 مليار US$ | — | 5.4 مليار US$ | -5 مليار US$ | 617 مليون US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | 13.8 مليار US$ | 35.4% | — | — | — |
| 2019-12-31 | 28.2 مليار US$ | 8.1 مليار US$ | 2.3 مليار US$ | 6.2 مليار US$ | 2.5 مليار US$ | 3.7 مليار US$ | 4.7 مليار US$ | 95 مليون US$ | 2.7 مليار US$ | 1.9 مليار US$ | — | 1.2 مليار US$ | -9 مليار US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | 2.7 مليار US$ | 2.7 مليار US$ | 12.2 مليار US$ | 10.4% | — | — | — |
| 2020-12-31 | 27.2 مليار US$ | 8.1 مليار US$ | 2.5 مليار US$ | 7.4 مليار US$ | 4 مليار US$ | 3.4 مليار US$ | 4.6 مليار US$ | 133 مليون US$ | 2.5 مليار US$ | 2 مليار US$ | — | -3 مليار US$ | -3.3 مليار US$ | 2.7 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 5.8 مليار US$ | 12.9 مليار US$ | 12.2% | — | — | — |
| 2021-12-31 | 30.8 مليار US$ | 9.9 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 9.7 مليار US$ | 6.6 مليار US$ | 3.1 مليار US$ | 4.6 مليار US$ | 128 مليون US$ | 4.6 مليار US$ | 2.2 مليار US$ | — | -3 مليار US$ | -7.6 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 2.8 مليار US$ | 2.8 مليار US$ | 13 مليار US$ | 16.2% | — | 4.6% | — |
| 2022-12-31 | 33.4 مليار US$ | 9.9 مليار US$ | 4.1 مليار US$ | 8.9 مليار US$ | 5.7 مليار US$ | 3.2 مليار US$ | 4.2 مليار US$ | 107 مليون US$ | 5.2 مليار US$ | 2.3 مليار US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | -3.1 مليار US$ | -3.1 مليار US$ | 2.8 مليار US$ | 5.4 مليار US$ | 5.4 مليار US$ | 13.8 مليار US$ | 16.1% | — | 6.9% | — |
| 2023-12-31 | 32.9 مليار US$ | 12.3 مليار US$ | 6.2 مليار US$ | 9.3 مليار US$ | 5.5 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 141 مليون US$ | 4 مليار US$ | 2.5 مليار US$ | 1.1 مليار US$ | -4.7 مليار US$ | -5.4 مليار US$ | 5.4 مليار US$ | 4.7 مليار US$ | 4.7 مليار US$ | 14.7 مليار US$ | 24.4% | — | 7.7% | — |
| 2024-12-31 | 33 مليار US$ | 12.9 مليار US$ | 6.6 مليار US$ | 9.4 مليار US$ | 4.9 مليار US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 160 مليون US$ | 4.5 مليار US$ | 2.7 مليار US$ | 3.2 مليار US$ | -4.6 مليار US$ | -4.4 مليار US$ | 4.7 مليار US$ | 4.9 مليار US$ | 4.9 مليار US$ | 17.4 مليار US$ | 26.2% | — | 8.2% | — |
| 2025-12-31 | 34 مليار US$ | 12.9 مليار US$ | 6.9 مليار US$ | 10.4 مليار US$ | 5.1 مليار US$ | 5.3 مليار US$ | 3.8 مليار US$ | 133 مليون US$ | 4.6 مليار US$ | 2.8 مليار US$ | 2.9 مليار US$ | -5.7 مليار US$ | -4.6 مليار US$ | 4.9 مليار US$ | 5.1 مليار US$ | 5.1 مليار US$ | 22.5 مليار US$ | 26.3% | — | 7.3% | — |
Linde plc (LIN) trades at 24.5x forward earnings against a peer median of 22.3x. Its EV/EBITDA of 17.4x compares with a peer median of 19.3x. The comparison uses 4 peers: The Sherwin-Williams Company, Ecolab Inc., Newmont Corporation and Air Products and Chemicals Inc., as of 2026-09-08 to 2026-09-09.
The industry benchmark shows capital spending at 4.1% of revenue and 1.55 times depreciation as of September 1, 2026.
A favorable demand cycle could lift regional sales. If Americas and APAC both grow while their profit contribution holds, group sales and operating profit would rise. Persistence remains conditional rather than established by the FY2025 observations.
A synchronized regional slowdown would reduce sales growth and plant utilization. Americas has the greatest consolidated effect because it generated $15.21 billion of FY2025 revenue.
Linde enters the cycle with substantial operating profit across Americas, EMEA, and APAC. That regional spread helps against isolated weakness but does not protect against a broad demand slowdown.5
No long position. The report-date price exceeds Fair value and Potential value, while the rating is Sell. Existing exposure should be reduced rather than increased.3
Use the operating triggers rather than price momentum. A strong quarter does not reverse the Sell view unless revenue, margins, and cash after investment improve together.
The report-date price is above Fair value and Potential value, leaving insufficient valuation support.3
Reduce or exit. Recurring capital spending can leave less cash for owners even when reported earnings remain sound.4
The Sell rating and valuation gap outweigh the case for retaining exposure solely for distributions.
Sell because the report-date price of $468.38 exceeds Fair value of $266.68 and Potential value of $335.79.3
The main downside is capital spending leaving less cash for owners. Upside requires stronger regional growth, more cash after investment, and fewer shares together.
دوّن أطروحتك الاستثمارية وحجم مركزك وأسئلة المتابعة. تبقى على هذا الجهاز، ولا يراها أحد سواك.
The records this analysis drew on, as they stood when it was run.
Not every cited input appears here: internal calculations and intermediate model outputs have no external record, and some citations could not be matched to one.
Operating margin below 24.5% for two fiscal years would reduce operating profit, earnings, and cash generation.4
Annual free cash flow below $4.0 billion would show that recurring investment is absorbing too much operating cash.4
A cost of equity above 10.1291% would reduce the present value of long-duration cash flows while $28.01 billion of debt remains outstanding.23
A terminal valuation below 16 times earnings would mean investors pay less for each dollar of future profit.3
Persistent margin weakness would show poorer price-cost conversion, reducing operating profit, earnings per share, and cash available after investment.
الحالي:FY2025 operating income was $8.92 billion on $33.99 billion of revenue.
تنبيه إذاBelow 24.5% for two consecutive fiscal years.
The breach would show that reported profit is producing too little cash after investment, reducing owner value despite acceptable earnings.
الحالي:FY2025 capital spending was $5.26 billion.
تنبيه إذاAnnual free cash flow below $4.0 billion for one full fiscal year.
A breach would reduce consolidated sales and operating profit because Americas contributes materially to FY2025 group revenue and reported segment operating income.
الحالي:Americas produced $15.21 billion of FY2025 revenue and $4.75 billion of operating income.
تنبيه إذاProspective monitoring assumption: below 2% growth for two consecutive fiscal years without EMEA or APAC offsets.
A breach would reduce revenue attributed to China, Germany, and Other International, weakening the international revenue base included in consolidated sales.
الحالي:FY2025 attributed revenue was $2.60 billion in China, $2.43 billion in Germany, and $11.26 billion in Other International.
تنبيه إذاProspective monitoring assumption: combined attributed growth below 0% for two consecutive fiscal years.
Convert the revenue and margin path into after-tax free cash flow, discount the annual per-share amounts and terminal value at WACC, then adjust for signed net debt per current share.
Add depreciation to net income, subtract maintenance capex, divide by diluted shares, and apply a normalized valuation multiple.
Solve for the growth rate that makes the model value equal the report-date share price.
Value each distinct segment, subtract corporate overhead and net debt, add probability-weighted optionality, and divide by diluted shares.
This case depends on the stated regional growth and cash-after-investment conditions. It is disconfirmed if recurring capex or valuation normalization overwhelms the earnings path.
Lower margins would reduce operating profit, earnings per share, and cash generated from each dollar of sales.4
This shows whether reported profit leaves enough cash after capital spending to support owners.4
Americas is the largest segment, so persistent weakness would have an outsized effect on consolidated sales and profit.5
A smaller share base can lift earnings per share, but only if repurchases do not weaken cash available after investment.34
| FY2035 |
|---|
| Revenue | $36.30B | $38.05B | $39.38B | $40.56B | $41.70B | $42.78B | $43.81B | $44.77B | $45.71B | $46.63B |
| Operating income | $9.18B | $9.63B | $9.96B | $10.26B | $10.55B | $10.82B | $11.08B | $11.33B | $11.57B | $11.80B |
| NOPAT | $7.09B | $7.43B | $7.69B | $7.92B | $8.15B | $8.36B | $8.56B | $8.75B | $8.93B | $9.11B |
| Residual cash after reinvestment policy | $7.09B | $7.43B | $7.69B | $7.92B | $8.15B | $8.36B | $8.56B | $8.75B | $8.93B | $9.11B |
| Revenue growth | 6.8% | 4.8% | 3.5% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.1% | 2.0% |
| Operating margin | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% | 25.3% |
| Tax rate | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% | 22.8% |
| Reinvestment rate | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Terminal growth | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
| الهامش |
|---|
| LIN | Linde plc | $220.2B | 24.5x | 6.1x | 17.4x | 18.4% | — |
| SHW | The Sherwin-Williams Company | 24.0x | 3.2x | 19.8x | 65.1% | 18.1% | |
| ECL | Ecolab Inc. | 29.5x | 4.6x | 21.1x | 22.0% | 18.5% | |
| NEM | Newmont Corporation | 12.6x | 5.2x | 7.7x | 25.9% | 51.6% | |
| APD | Air Products and Chemicals Inc. | 20.6x | 5.3x | 18.7x | 0.0% | 25.5% |
| Normalized operating margin | Below 24.5% for two consecutive fiscal years | If margin stays below 24.5% for two years, maintain no long exposure because lower operating profit weakens earnings and free cash flow. |
