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Quote this valuation with its source: Fair value, Potential value and the price at analysis.
FAQ
IBM — frequently asked questions
Is International Business Machines Corporation overvalued?
In our latest published analysis dated 2026-09-08, IBM trades close to fair value. The price recorded at analysis is USD ۲۳۵ versus our fair value of USD ۲۲۴; the high endpoint is presented separately as potential value of USD ۴۲۰. That implies roughly 4.7% downside to fair value at that date.
Our latest published report, analyzed 2026-09-08, gives IBM a fair value of USD ۲۲۴ and a potential value of USD ۴۲۰. The conclusion is triangulated across multiple valuation models and weighted by reliability for International Business Machines Corporation's archetype; it is a dated research output, not a live price.
Should I buy IBM now?
Our latest published rating for IBM, analyzed 2026-09-08, is Hold. International Business Machines Corporation trades close to fair value at the analysis-date price of USD ۲۳۵ versus fair value of USD ۲۲۴; potential value is USD ۴۲۰. This is research for educational purposes, not personalized investment advice.
What are the biggest risks for IBM?
The dedicated bear-case section in our report analyzed 2026-09-08 documents International Business Machines Corporation's material risks, evidence, thresholds, and thesis-invalidation conditions. Scenario-specific explanations remain in that section so the report does not repeat or decontextualize them elsewhere.
What is IBM's rating?
Our latest published rating for IBM, analyzed 2026-09-08, is Hold, with a published moat assessment of 1/10 (None). It reflects our fair value of USD ۲۲۴, the potential value of USD ۴۲۰, and the price recorded at analysis (USD ۲۳۵).
این گزارش هنوز ترجمه نشده است. پس از چند دقیقه، زمانی که صف ترجمه بهروز شد، صفحه را تازه کنید.
§1 خلاصه اجراییEN
پاسخ ۳۰ ثانیهایHold
قیمت در برابر ارزش
Price
$234.89
Fair value
$223.86
Potential value
$420.12
As of
2026-09-04
چرا این سناریو میتواند موفق باشد
Revenue near the upper FY2027 estimate of $75.37 billion, EPS near $13.86, stronger free cash flow, and falling debt could extend earnings growth beyond the near-term window.
چه چیزی دیدگاه ما را تغییر میدهد
Annual consolidated revenue growth below 2.5% for two consecutive fiscal years.
Hold IBM. The report-date price of $234.89 sits above Fair value of $223.86, while Potential value is $420.12.3
The main risk is annual revenue growth below 2.5% for two consecutive fiscal years. That would weaken profit leverage and leave debt competing more heavily with dividends and reinvestment.
The strongest support is FY2025 cash generation. Operating cash flow was $13.19 billion and was $12.10 billion, helping fund dividends and debt service.
Demand-led upside requires IBM to deliver the FY2026 and FY2027 revenue expectations while preserving margins. That would support earnings growth and weaken the services-pricing concern.1
Evidence-backed thesis
Hold because strong cash generation is offset by a report-date price above Fair value, material debt, and limited visibility after FY2027.3
توصیه داخلی
Hold because strong cash generation is offset by a report-date price above Fair value, material debt, and limited visibility after FY2027.3
نمای کلی شرکت
Consulting integrates strategy, experience design, technology and operations expertise by domain across industries to deliver transformation for clients. Consulting operates in a highly competitive, dynamic market that spans business consulting, systems integration, application development and management, and business process outsourcing services. Its competitors include global firms such as Accenture, Capgemini, India-based service providers, management consulting firms, the consulting practices of public accounting firms, engineering service providers, and niche specialists. IBM is a globally integrated enterprise that participates in a highly competitive environment. Its competitors vary by industry segment, and range from large multinational enterprises to smaller, more narrowly focused entities.
Across its business segments, the company recognizes hundreds of competitors worldwide and as the company executes its hybrid cloud and AI strategy, the company is regularly exposed to new competitors. The depth, breadth, and innovation of its software offerings, coupled with its global reach, deep industry expertise and research capabilities help differentiate its offerings from its competitors. Its hybrid cloud and AI platforms allow clients to realize their digital and AI transformations across the applications, data, and environments in which they operate.
§2 سناریوی نزولیEN
Under this stress, debt absorbs more cash, reinvestment falls and investors pay less for each dollar of future earnings.
A breach would remove expected operating leverage and shorten the earnings-growth period after FY2027, weakening revenue, profit and cash value.
وضعیت فعلی:The expected path is 4.22% in FY2026 and 4.00% in FY2027.
هشدار در صورتBelow 2.5% for two consecutive fiscal years
02
§3 خندق رقابتیEN
None
IBM has no evidenced structural moat in the admissible record. Strong cash generation is an outcome, not proof of switching costs, integration advantages, distribution strength, installed-base lock-in, or scale benefits. Those mechanisms were not established here.
سود اقتصادی
The record does not provide a cited structural-moat mechanism. Cash generation and margins should therefore be treated as operating results, not protected economic profit.
1/ 10
None
تهدیدات شناختهشده برای خندق
تهدید
شدت
بازه زمانی
کاهش
Services pricing pressure could slow sales and weaken margins.
high
Over two fiscal years
Sustained annual revenue growth at or above 4.22% with stable margins would reduce this concern.1
Debt can restrict reinvestment and shareholder returns if cash generation weakens.
high
Through FY2028
Debt below the FY2025 balance, alongside positive free cash flow and supported dividends, would improve flexibility.3
Apply a terminal P/E to the dated forward path, then discount that future share value back to the analysis date.
§5 حساسیت
نرخ تنزیل
رشد نهایی
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
5.2%
$271.36
$294.10
$324.69
$368.10
$434.78
6.2%
$230.94
$244.27
$260.99
$282.60
$311.67
7.2%
$203.63
$212.25
$223.86
$235.28
$251.19
8.2%
$183.78
$189.73
$196.66
$204.87
$214.73
9.2%
$168.57
$172.88
$177.79
$183.46
$190.07
ردیفها: نرخ تنزیل (Ke برای سود؛ WACC برای جریان نقدی). ستونها: رشد نهایی.
تغییر مدت (سال)
None of the valuation methods used to calculate Fair value relies on a separate assumption about how long the competitive advantage lasts.
مرجع حساسیت
The highlighted cell is Fair value when every assumption sits at its base level ($223.86). Each row and column shows what Fair value becomes when one assumption moves.
Free cash flow to the firm stays positive in the first projected year at $14.5B after modeled capex of $1.1B, with terminal value at 63.7% of enterprise value. A sudden drop in free cash flow is not projected unless capital spending relative to revenue, reinvestment, or gross margin resets materially.
Revenue reaches the upper part of the FY2026 and FY2027 estimate ranges.1
§7 درخت تصمیم سودEN
بیش از انتظار
Hold; do not chase the shares after a beat.
محرک: Revenue and EPS above the supplied annual ranges, with stronger free cash flow and lower debt.1
A beat matters only if sales, earnings, cash generation and debt reduction improve together.
مطابق
Hold while the operating thesis remains intact.
محرک: Revenue and EPS remain within the supplied annual ranges, with stable cash generation.1
Delivery near expectations would preserve modest growth but would not resolve visibility after FY2027.
کمتر از انتظار
Reduce exposure if mature-growth support fails or operating cash no longer adequately backs reported profit.
محرک: Revenue growth breaches the stated mature-growth floor, or operating cash falls below the stated profit-backing threshold.
Weaker sales and cash generation would undermine dividend support and increase debt pressure.
کیفیت سود
FY2025 operating cash exceeded reported net income and free cash flow stayed positive. Material debt makes persistence important for dividends and debt service.3,5,6
FY2025 operating cash exceeded net income and capital spending was $1.09 billion. This supports dividend capacity, but it does not prove that future growth requires no added investment.6
تخصیص سرمایه
Free cash must serve debt, dividends, reinvestment, and repurchases. Debt reduction below the FY2025 balance, while free cash remains positive, would improve flexibility.
پل جریان نقدیچگونگی تبدیل جریان نقدی عملیاتی به جریان نقدی آزاد در FY2025.
StockMarketAgent.AI
تطبیق جریان نقد عملیاتی
سود خالص$ ۱۰٫۶ میلیارداستهلاک و کاهش ارزش+$ ۵ میلیاردجبران خدمات مبتنی بر سهام+$ ۱٫۷ میلیاردسایر تعدیلات عملیاتی−$ ۴٫۱ میلیاردجریان نقدی عملیاتی$ ۱۳٫۲ میلیارد
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) trades at 17.6x forward earnings against a peer median of 19.3x. Its EV/EBITDA of 16.9x compares with a peer median of 20.4x. The comparison uses 4 peers: Accenture plc, Texas Instruments Incorporated, QUALCOMM Incorporated and Analog Devices Inc., as of 2026-09-07 to 2026-09-08.
§10 صنعت و چرخهEN
فاز چرخه
Contraction
The industry reference shows capital spending at 2.9% of revenue and capital spending at 0.35 times depreciation, as of 2026-09-01.
چرخه صعودی
Demand-led upside requires IBM to deliver the FY2026 and FY2027 revenue expectations while preserving margins. That would support earnings growth and weaken the services-pricing concern.
چرخه نزولی
A demand slowdown or pricing pressure that pushes annual revenue growth below 2.5% for two fiscal years would reduce profit leverage and shorten the growth period.
روندهای بلندمدت
روند
تأثیر
یادداشت
Enterprise services demand
neutral
Near-term estimates support modest growth, but dated evidence extends only through FY2027.
Services competition
negative
The closest services comparison has faster FY+1 growth and a lower forward multiple, creating pricing and valuation pressure.
موقعیتیابی
IBM enters this cycle with strong FY2025 cash generation but material debt. That supports resilience while limiting flexibility if demand weakens.3,5
§11 مدیریت موقعیتEN
اندازه موقعیت
Maintain the existing allocation; do not increase it at the report-date price. The report-date price exceeds Fair value, while cash strength is offset by debt and limited visibility after FY2027.3
Not every cited input appears here: internal calculations and intermediate model outputs have no external record, and some citations could not be matched to one.
Limitation: Terminal value is 63.7% of this model's value, above the 60% level at which the methodology flags concentration; the value leans on the years beyond the explicit forecast.
Limitation: Terminal value is 77.7% of this model's value, above the 60% level at which the methodology flags concentration; the value leans on the years beyond the explicit forecast.